Alveoloplasty in Complete Denture Patients - A Retrospective Study
Amanthi Ganapathi1, Dhanraj Ganapathy2*,/, M. Jeevitha3
1 Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
2 Professor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
3 Senior lecturer, Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
*Corresponding Author
Dhanraj Ganapathy,
AProfessor and Head, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai
600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
Tel: +91-9841504523
E-mail: dhanraj@saveetha.com
Received: July 30, 2021; Accepted: August 10, 2021; Published: August 17, 2021
Citation:Amanthi Ganapathi, Dhanraj Ganapathy, M. Jeevitha. Alveoloplasty in Complete Denture Patients - A Retrospective Study. Int J Dentistry Oral Sci. 2021;8(8):3897-3900. doi: dx.doi.org/10.19070/2377-8075-21000797
Copyright: Dhanraj Ganapathy©2021. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Abstract
Preprosthetic surgery is an integral part of complete denture prosthodontics. The ultimate goal of pre prosthetic surgery is
to prepare a mouth to receive dental prosthesis by redesigning and smoothening bony edges which would otherwise cause
hindrance in restoration of optimum health and function. This study was done to determine the prevalence of alveoloplasty
done among complete denture patients. It is hospital based study, were patients case sheet were reviewed and analysed from
the time period of june 2019-march 2020 at saveetha dental college and hospitals. A total of 86,000 were reviewed out of
which 393 patients were complete denture patients. Incidence of alveoloplasty was analysed using SPSS software.
In our present study a total of 393 patients' case sheets were reviewed out of which only 39 patients had undergone alveoloplasty,
whereas 351 patients did not undergo any type of pre-prosthetic surgery. 9.92% of completely edentulous patients have
undergone alveoloplasty. 5.1% of the males and 4.85 % of the female completely edentulous patients underwent alveoloplasty,
however, no statistically significant differences between both the groups were observed.(Pearson Chi square test; P= 0.416,
P>0.05). With the limitation of our study, patients who underwent alveoloplasty before receiving complete denture were
found to be minimal. Alveoloplasty should be mandated in suitable situations to ensure better health of complete denture
patients and eventually to improve comfort and success rate.
2.Introduction
3.Conclusion
4.References
Keywords
Complete Denture; Pre-Prosthetic Surgery; Alveoloplasty; Hard Tissue; Denture Bearing Area.
Introduction
Preprosthetic surgery is an integral part of complete denture
prosthodontic surgery is done to provide a better anatomic environment
and to create a proper supporting structure of denture
constitution [44]. Lawson raised a question: "Why should it be
assumed that full denture is the one type of dental restoration for
which the mouth is already perfectly designed" [24]. Most of the
time significant enhancement can often be achieved by surgical
preparation before denture construction. The main function of
preprosthetic surgery are to eliminate the pathology in the denture
bearing soft and hard tissues of the denture base and ridge
improvement [16, 19, 21].
Objective of pre prosthodontic procedure is Correcting conditions
that preclude optimal prosthetic function [10]. Hyperplastic
replacement of resorbed ridges, unfavourable located frenulum
attachments, bony prominences and undercuts should be corrected
before complete denture treatment.
Alveoloplasty is one of the most common pre-prosthodontic surgical
procedures done in dental practice. The aim of the prosthetic
surgery is to improve the quality and condition of the hard and
soft tissues of the oral supporting structures. So, that they have
better retention, stability and support to the dental prosthesis [4,
41]. The bony prominences are removed by means of alveoloplasty
and alveolectomy. ”Alveoloplasty” is the term used to describe
the trimming and removal of the labial buccal alveolar long along with some internal and interradicular bone and is carried
out at the time of extraction and after the extraction of the teeth.
When surgery is planned on edentulous ridge, incision should be
made on the crest of the alveolar ridge; usually the envelope flap
would suffice, but releasing incision can be made on the labial side
to provide a broad base to the flap, [14, 43].
Edentulism is the condition of being toothless. Fall/removal
of some teeth results in partial edentulism, whereas loss of all
the teeth results in complete edentulism. Edentulism can affect
the functional and sensory disturbances to the oral mucosa and
salivary gland eddentulous patients are liable to reduce the tissue
reformation and reduce tissue concentration that affects the protective
function of the oral mucosa [25, 47]
Previously our team has a rich experience in working on various
research projects across multiple disciplines. (Jain, 2017 [18]);
(Varghese, Ramesh and Veeraiyan, 2019 [45]); (Ashok and Ganapathy,
2019 [2]); (Padavala and Sukumaran, 2018 [29]); (Ke et al.,
2019 [22]); (Ezhilarasan, 2018 [11]); (Krishnan et al., 2018 [23]);
(Ezhilarasan, Sokal and Najimi, 2018 [11]); (Pandian, Krishnan
and Kumar, 2018 [31]); (Ramamurthy and Mg, 2018 [35]); (Gupta,
Ariga and Deogade, 2018 [15]); (Vikram et al., 2017 [50]); (Paramasivam,
Vijayashree Priyadharsini and Raghunandhakumar,
2020 [32]); (Palati et al., 2020 [30]); (Samuel, Acharya and Rao,
2020 [40]). Now the growing trend in this area motivated us to
pursue this project.
This study is done to determine the prevalence of alveoloplasty
done among complete denture patients.
Materials And Methods
Study design and study setting:
The study is the retrospective study. Information regarding the
patient's treatment was collected from patients' case sheet records.
Participants:
All patients who have undergone complete denture treatment and
patients who have undergone alveoloplasty from the Department
of prosthodontics and Department oral and maxillofacial urgent
were added to the study.
Ethical approval:
The ethical approval for the research (SDC/SIHEC/2020/DIASDATA/
0619-0320) was issued by the ethical committee of
Saveetha Dental college, Saveetha Institute of medical and Technical
science, Saveetha University, Chennai
Study size:
Total numbers of patients in the study were 393.
Data Analysis:
The data was collected from patient reports in hospitals, The obtained
data was entered in Microsoft excel 2012 .Then exported
to statistical package for social science for windows (version
20.0.SPSS Inc. Chicago III, USA) and all subjected to statistical
analysis. Chi square test was employed with a level of significance
set at P 0.05.
Results
In our present study figure 1 shows frequency of alveoloplasty
in complete denture patients. Patients who have not done alveoloplasty
accounted for 353 which is 89.9%, Patients who have
undergone alveoloplasty procedure accounted for 39 which was
9.9%.Figure2 shows the association between alveoloplasty in
complete denture patients and gender. In a total of 393 patients
165 were female patients. In that 146 female patients did not undergo
any alveoloplasty and 19 patients underwent alveoloplasty.
Total number of male patients were 225, out of which patients who have undergone alveoloplasty were 20 .5.1% of the males
and 4.85 % of the female completely edentulous patients underwent
alveoloplasty, however, no statistically significant differences
between both the groups were observed. (Pearson Chi square test;
P= 0.416, P>0.05).
Figure 1: Frequency bar graph showing patients undergone alveoloplasty procedure. Where, X-axis denotes the alveoloplasty and Y-axis denotes the total number of patients. Patients who have done alveoloplasty (Green) accounts for 9.94%, Patients who have not done alveoloplasty (violet) accounts for 90%.
Figure 2: Shows the association between gender and alveoloplasty done. X axis represents Gender and Y- axis represents the number of patients 5.1% of the males and 4.85 % of the female completely edentulous patients underwent alveoloplasty, however, no statistically significant differences between both the groups were observed.(Pearson Chi square test; P= 0.416 ,P>0.05).
Discussion
The teeth have major role in facial appearance, speech and eating
in human life. There are many evidences demonstrating the negative
effects of edentulism on the oral health [17, 28]. Edentulism
have a negative influence on oral function, social behaviour and
everyday activities. Often there will be a compromised are low
self-esteem and fall in the psychosocial wellbeing because of the
limitation of the oro facial function of day to day activity [27, 3].
Edentulous people may restrict themselves from participating in
social activities and gathering as they feel embarrassed to smile,
speech or eat in from\nt of others, which often makes them isolated
[38, 46]. In such kind of individuals wearing denture could
improve their facial and oral appearance. It can also help in improving
their facial appearance. It will improve social interactions
which may increase their self-esteem and can lead to wellbeing
state [5, 20].
The pre-prosthetic surgery is done to prepare the mouth before
the placement of denture. Some patients require minor oral surgical
procedure before receiving a partial or complete denture to
ensure maximum level of comfort [9, 6]. A denture sits on the
bone ridge so,it is very important that the bone is proper shape
and size. Procedure for preparing include bone smoothing, reshaping,
removal of excess bone and gum tissue excess removal
[8, 1]. Pre-prosthetic surgery thus serves as an adjunct for the
development of a denture foundation that enables fabrication of
well fitted and comfortable prosthetics.
Our institution is passionate about high quality evidence based
research and has excelled in various fields (Pc, Marimuthu and
Devadoss, 2018 [33]; Ramesh et al., 2018 [36]; Vijayashree Priyadharsini,
Smiline Girija and Paramasivam, 2018 [49]; Ezhilarasan,
Apoorva and Ashok Vardhan, 2019 [12]; Ramadurai et al., 2019
[34]; Sridharan et al., 2019 [42]; Vijayashree Priyadharsini, 2019
[48]; Chandrasekar et al., 2020 [7]; Mathew et al., 2020 [26]; R et
al., 2020 [37]; Samuel, 2021 [39]). We hope this study adds to this
rich legacy.
Conclusion
With the limitation of our study, Patients who underwent alveoloplasty
before receiving complete denture were found to be minimal.
Alveoloplasty should be mandated in suitable situations to
ensure better health of complete denture patients and eventually
to improve comfort and success rate.
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